Qt difference between dialog and main window replacement

A modal dialog is like my cat, Emma — who meows at 7am every morning to prompt me to feed her. I might be trying to sleep or get ready for the day, but my cat will place herself in front of me, then meow louder and incessantly until I look at her. I have to stop what I am doing to address the cat immediately if I ever hope to finish my task. Sometimes she chooses to do this at 3am while we are sleeping.

Should we have guests staying over, it can get annoying and embarrassing. In defense of my cat, once I feed her, she is very calm and has a sweet and sociable temperament. The user can continue interacting with the main content and perhaps even move the window, minimize it, etc. To continue our cat analogy, a nonmodal dialog is like a kitty who patiently sits near the dinner table during a meal, waiting for the off chance that food scraps may fall from the table.

When Emma is doing this, I can eat, have a conversation, and enjoy dinner without much interruption. I can choose to either ignore her altogether, or, as my husband likes to do, slip a bite of food to her under the table near the end of the meal. She is very well-fed, as you might be able to tell. Modal dialogs were originally intended to alert users to an error or to some other system state that required immediate user action.

In these cases, it was essential for users to be interrupted in order to fix the error. Thus, placing the dialog box in the middle of the screen as the focal point of the interface, made it very effective. However, this original use has evolved, and now modal dialogs and windows are used persuasively to attract user attention for legitimate or less legitimate reasons. Disadvantages of Modal Dialogs Here are some of the common problems caused by modal dialogs: They require immediate attention.

Modal windows, by their nature, are compulsory and require the user to act immediately. Since the dialogs place the system in a different mode, users cannot continue what they are doing until they acknowledge the dialog. Modal dialogs force users away from the tasks they were working on in the first place. Each interruption translates in lost time and effort, not only because users must address the dialog, but also because, once they go back to their original tasks, people will have to spend some time recovering context.

They cause users to forget what they were doing. Once the context is switched to a different task, because of the additional cognitive load imposed by the modal dialog, people may forget some of the details associated with the original task.

If that is the case, recovering context for the original task may be even more difficult. They cause the users to create and address an extra goal — to dismiss the dialog. This increase in interaction cost is likely to put off users, unless the dialog is well justified and indeed contains important information. We will elaborate more on this point later. They block the content in the background. When a dialog appears on top of the current window, it can cover important content and remove context.

As a result, it may become harder to respond to the dialog when the dialog asks a question related to information that was just obscured. Because of these disadvantages, modal dialogs become problematic when used for noncritical activities. Guidelines for Using Modal Dialogs When is it appropriate to use modal dialogs? Here are a few guidelines to help determine if modal dialogs are truly necessary.

Use modal dialogs for important warnings, as a way to prevent or correct critical errors. It is always good to prevent human error before it happens , if possible. However, once the error was made, it may be easier to fix it if the error message is presented within the main content instead of in a modal dialog.

For example, an error in a form should be reported on the page, next to where it occurred, so that users can refer to the error message while they fix the problem. But informing the user that her computer will be restarted in 10 seconds could be displayed in a modal dialog, to make sure that the user notices the message.

Is the error irreversible? Irreversible errors often result in the loss of information, which can be especially damaging for complex and time-intensive tasks. For example, failing to add an item to a cart might be an unfortunate error for an ecommerce business, but not irreversible to its users should they not notice a subtle notification they can redo their action if they really wanted the item.

On the other hand, overwriting a file or failing to save changes to hundreds of slides are both irreversible actions, and, thus, an interruption is much needed, and often welcomed. Microsoft Powerpoint uses modal dialogs to prevent irreversible errors or unintended user actions, like quitting an application without saving work.

This dialog prevents user error and awkward follow-up emails. Use modal dialogs to request the user to enter information critical to continuing the current process. When missing information prevents the system from continuing a user-initiated process, a modal dialog can prompt the user for that information. Etsy, shown below, uses a modal window to interrupt the user for login information when that user attempts to save an item to a list of favorites.

Etsy uses modal dialogs whenever a user attempts a task in which further steps are required before continuing. Modal dialogs can be used to fragment a complex workflow into simpler steps. For time-consuming and mentally and emotionally involved tasks, it can be overwhelming to ask for lots of information all at once. In those situations, modal dialogs can be used to break complex information up into simpler, more digestible chunks.

Wizards are common instances of such a use of modal dialogs. Your function will be called with the text you put in the pixmap property e. Layouts Click the 'Default Margin' spinbox or the 'Default Spacing' spinbox to change the default layout settings of the current form. To use the functions in the generated code to dynamically retrieve values for the layout's default margin and spacing, check the Use Functions chechbox. In the Margin and Spacing line edits, specify the function names no signatures or parantheses which should be used to retrieve the margin and spacing.

Click OK to accept changes to the form settings. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without making any changes. This dialog has a tab for 'General' preferences. The Background section defaults to 'Pixmap'.

To change the default, click the Select a Pixmap button next to the 'Pixmap' radio button to invoke the Choose a Pixmap Click the 'Color' radio button to change the background to a color instead of a pixmap. The 'General' section of the General tab has three checkboxes that are checked by default.

Click the 'Restore last workspace on startup' checkbox to save the size and positions of the windows and toolbars of Qt Designer. The next time you start up Qt Designer, the windows and toolbars are restored to their last positions. Click the 'Show Splash Screen on startup' checkbox to display the Qt Designer splash screen when you start up the application.

Click the 'Disable Database Auto-Edit in Preview' checkbox to disable the ability to update or delete data in the database to which you are connected when working with database widgets. To change the path Qt Designer uses to find it's online documentation, click the 'Documentation Path' line edit and type a new path. It would be unlikely to have to change this path. Another way to change the path is to click the ellipsis button located to the right of the line edit.

This invokes the Find Directory Dialog. The 'Grid' section has options for customizing the grid on the form. The 'Show Grid' checkbox located above the 'Grid' section is checked by default. Developers using Qt Designer almost always use Qt's layouts to design their forms and rarely make any use of the grid.

The grid is provided for the rare occasions when a form is created using widgets with fixed sizes and positions. When 'Show Grid' is checked, you can customize the grid's appearance. When it is unchecked, the 'Grid' section is disabled. The 'Snap to Grid' checkbox is also checked by default.

When it is checked, widgets are placed on a dot snap to the grid using the X Y resolution. When it is unchecked, the 'Grid-X' and 'Grid-Y' spin boxes are disabled. Click the 'Grid X' and 'Grid Y' spinboxes to customize the grid settings for all forms. The 'Toolbars' section has a 'Show Text Labels' checkbox. Click the checkbox to display the text labels for each icon shown in the Qt Designer toolbar. The 'Syntax Highlighting' section lets you change the way the syntax is viewed in the editor.

Click the 'Element' listbox and choose an element. Click the 'Family' listbox to change the font style for that element. Click the 'Size' spinbox to choose a font size. You can change the font to Bold, Italic, or Underline by clicking the corresponding checkbox. Note, that all the fonts used derive from the 'Standard' element, so if you want to change the font used for everything, change the 'Standard' element.

Click the Color button to invoke the Select Color Dialog. As you make changes to each element, you can view the changes in the 'Preview' line edit. The 'Options' section has the Wordwrap, Completion, and Parentheses Matching checkboxes checked by default. Click the checkboxes to de-select them. Click OK to accept changes to Preferences dialog. Use this dialog to add files to the current project.

The Add dialog defaults the directory and file type. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without opening a file. Use this dialog to view the project's images, add new images, or delete images. To add an image, click the Add button to invoke the Choose Images The Choose Images dialog shows the current the directory and the default file type. As you choose different files, you can preview the images in the window located on the right side of the dialog.

To delete an image from from the iconview, click the image and then click the Delete button. Changes made to the image collection are applied immediately. Click the Close button to leave the dialog. Use this dialog to connect your project to a database or to edit the current connections.

Click New Connection to create a new database connection. For applications that use a single database it will probably be most convenient to use the default connection name of ' default '. If you use more than one database then each one must be given a unique name.

A driver must be chosen from the Driver combo box. The database name may be available in the Database Name combo box or may have to be typed in. The database name, username, password and hostname should be provided by your database system administrator. When the Connection information has been completed click Connect. If the connection is made the connection name will appear in the list box on the left hand side of the dialog.

To remove a connection, click the connection in the listbox and then click the Delete Connection button. Click Close to leave the Database Connections dialog. Use this dialog to make changes to the project settings. The Project File line edit defaults the project name.

To change the name, type the new name in the line edit or click the ellipsis button located next to Project File to invoke the Save As Dialog. The 'Language' combobox is disabled. To change the name in the 'Database File' line edit type the new name in the line edit or click the ellipsis button to invoke the Save As Dialog.

See the qmake documentation for details on what these options mean. Click the 'Template' combobox and choose application or library to create makefiles for building applications or libraries. Click the 'Config' combobox to select the project configuration and compiler options for all platforms, or specific platforms. Type the Config value in the line edit. Note: Unix defaults to a shared library. If you want a shared library in Windows, type 'dll' at the end of the default config command and make sure you select lib from the Template combobox.

Click the 'Libs' combobox to select a platform. Type the libraries in the line edit. Click the 'Defines' combobox and select a platform. Type the 'Defines' values in the line edit. Click the 'Includepath' combobox to select a platform. Includepath specifies the directories that should be searched for include files when compiling the project. Type the 'Includepath' values in the line edit. Cick OK to accept changes to the project settings.

Click Cancel to exit the dialog without making any changes to the project settings. Use this dialog to find specific text in a project file. To find the text you want in a file, type the text in the 'Find' combobox. You can make the search more specific by checking any or all of the checkboxes in the 'Options' section. Click the 'Whole words only' checkbox to narrow the search to whole words.

Click 'Case Sensitive' to search for text that is identical to the text typed in the combobox. Click 'Start at Beginning' to start the search from the beginning of the file. The 'Direction' section offers the 'Forward' radio button and the 'Backward' radio button to specify the direction to perform the search in the file. Click the Find button to start the search. When the text is found, it is highlighted in the file.

Continue clicking Find to search for subsequent occurrences of the search text. Use this dialog to replace text in a project file. To replace text, type the text you would like to replace in the 'Find' combobox. Type the new text in the 'Replace' combobox. Click 'Case Sensitive' to search for text that identical to the text you typed in the combobox.

Click the Replace button to search and replace the text. Continue clicking Replace button to search and replace each occurrence of the text in the file. Click Replace All button to replace all occurences of the search text in the file at once. Use this dialog to go to a specific line in the file. To choose a line number, type the number in the 'Line' spinbox, or click the up and down arrows in the spinbox.

Click the Goto button. The cursor is placed at the beginning of the line in the file. Use this dialog to create custom widgets. Custom widgets are created in code. They may contain a combination of existing widgets but with additional functionality, slots and signals, or they may be written from scratch, or a mixture of both.

A custom widget is often a specialization subclass of another widget or a combination of widgets working together or a blend of both these approaches. If you simply want a collection of widgets in a particular configuration it is easiest to create them, select them as a group, and copy and paste them as required within Qt Designer. Custom widgets are generally created when you need to add new functionality to existing widgets or groups of widgets.

To add create a new widget, click the New Widget button. You will find more information about adding new widgets in the 'Definitions Section'. To load a file which contains descriptions of custom widgets, click the Load Descriptions button.

Clicking this button invokes the Open Dialog. To save the descriptions of the listed custom widgets, click the Save Descriptions button, which invokes the Save As Dialog. To delete a widget, click the widget in the listbox and then click the Delete Widget button. Click Close to leave the Edit Custom Widgets dialog.

Click the Definition tab if you are not already there. You should change the 'Class' name from 'MyCustomWidget' to a unique name by typing in the line edit. Type in the 'Headerfile' line edit to change the name or type the name of a header file you want to use. To search for a saved header file in a directory, click the ellipsis button to the right of the Headerfile line edit to invoke the Open Dialog.

Click the 'Select Access' combobox to choose how the file will be included. Local files will be included using quotation marks. If you have a pixmap that you want to use to identify your widget on the toolbar, click the ellipsis button to the right of the 'Pixmap' label. This invokes the Choose a Pixmap Dialog. Click the 'Size Hint' spin boxes to select the recommended size for the widget. Click the 'Size Policy' comboboxes to select the vertical size properties of the widget.

Click the 'Container Widget' checkbox if the custom widget you are creating should be able to contain other widgets children. To add a new signal, click the New Signal button. Click the 'Signal' line edit and provide an argument for the signal and give the signal a unique name. To delete a signal from the listbox, click the signal to choose it and then click the Delete Signal button.

Click the 'Slot' or 'Access' cloumn headers to sort the slots in the listbox. To add a slot, click the New Slot button. Click the 'Slot' line edit and provide an argument for the slot and give the slot a unique name. Click the 'Access' combobox to choose between public or protected access for your widget. To delete a slot from the listbox, click the slot and then click Delete Slot. Click the 'Property' or 'Type' column headers to sort the properties in the listbox.

To add a property, click the New Property button. Click the 'Property Name' line edit if you want to change the default name of the property. Note that properties must be implemented in the class using the property system of Qt.

To choose a property type, click the 'Type' combobox. To delete a property from the listbox, click the property and then click the Delete Property button. This dialog is used to view a list of available tools and a list of the tools in the Common Widgets category in the toolbox.

To add widgets to the Common Widgets category, click a widget from the Available Widgets list and then click the Add. The selected widget now appears in the Common Widgets category. To remove a widget from the Common Widgets list, click a widget, then click Remove. To move a widget up or down in the Common Widgets list, click the up or down arrows. Click OK to accept the configurations to the toolbox. This dialog provides information about Qt Designer such as the version, the licensing terms, conditions, and disclaimers.

Click the 'x' located at the top right corner of the dialog to close the dialog. This dialog provides information about Qt. Click the 'x' located at the title of the dialog to close the dialog. Use this dialog to apply HTML formatting to your text using the format toolbars and menus. Click OK to accept the text and formatting. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without saving any text or formatting.

Use this dialog to change the widget's text. Click OK to accept changes to the text. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without making changes to the text. Used this dialog to change the line edit's text. Use this dialog to change the title of a selected widget by typing the new title in the line edit.

Click OK to accept changes to the title. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without making changes to the title. Use this dialog to change the title of each tab in the Tab widget. Click OK to accept new page titles. To choose an image from the listbox, click the image and then click OK. To delete an image, click the image in the listbox and then click the Delete button. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without making any changes to images. Use this dialog to add items to the list box and to change the item's properties.

To add an item to the listbox, click the New Item. If you want to change the default name of the item, click the 'Text' line edit in the 'Item Properties' section and type a new name for the item. Click a pixmap and then click the Delete Pixmap button to delete the selected pixmap. To delete an item from the listbox, click the item and then click the Delete button. To move an item up or down in the listbox, click the Move Up or Move Down buttons.

Click Apply to accept the changes. Click Apply to accept changes to the listbox widget. Click OK to leave the dialog once the changes have been accepted. Click Cancel to leave the dialog without saving any changes. Edit Listview The Edit Listview dialog is invoked by right-clicking the listview widget and selecting Edit. Use this dialog to add items to the listview. The Edit Listview dialog has two tabs, one for items and one for columns. Use this tab to add, change, or remove items in the listview.

To add a new item, click the New Item button. The new item is shown at the top of the listbox. To add sub-items to an existing item, click the item and then click the New Subitem button. Click the 'Column' spinbox to choose a column for which the item text or pixmap will be placed. Click the 'Text' line edit to type text for a column, or to change the name of an item or subitem. To move an item up or down within the hierarchy level, click the Move Up or Move Down buttons.

To move an item up or down one level, click the Move Left or Move Right buttons. To add a column, click the New Column button. The new column is shown at the top of the listbox. To change the column name, click a column in the listbox and then click the 'Text' line edit and type a new name. To add a pixmap, click the ellipsis button, which invokes the Choose an Image Dialog.

To remove a pixmap, click the Delete Pixmap button. Click the 'Clickable' checkbox if you want the columns to respond to mouse clicks. Click the 'Resizeable' checkbox if you want to be able to change the column's width. To remove a column, click the column in the listbox and then click the Delete Column button. To move a column up or down in the listbox, click the Move Up or the Move Down buttons. Click Apply to accept changes to the listview widget.

Use the dialog to add, change, or remove items from the iconview.

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